Pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, kemiskinan, dan pengangguran terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Provinsi Riau (2005–2026)

Abstract

This study analyzes the effects of economic growth, poverty, and unemployment on income inequality in Riau Province. We use secondary time-series data (2005–2026) from Statistics Indonesia (BPS Riau), including GDP growth rate, poverty rate, open unemployment rate, and the Gini ratio. Multiple linear regression (Eviews 9) is applied for analysis. The results indicate that economic growth has a negative and significant effect on income inequality (β ≈ –0.05, p<0.05), implying that higher regional growth reduces inequality. In contrast, the poverty rate has a positive and significant effect on inequality (β ≈ 0.08, p<0.05). The unemployment rate’s coefficient is negative but not statistically significant (p≈0.06). These findings are consistent with literature suggesting that inclusive growth and poverty reduction are key to lowering income disparities.